Manihot glaziovii
Müll.Arg. in Mart., Fl. Bras. 11(2): 446. 1874; Brandis, Indian Trees
582. 1906; Gamble, Fl. Madras 2(7): 1346. 1925 (repr. ed. 2: 942. 1957).
Eng.: Ceara rubber.
Trees, 5 - 10 (- 13) m tall, entirely glabrous; exudating thick white latex. Leaves peltate for 5 - 15 (- 20) mm from the margin, deeply digitately 3 - 5-lobed, 10 - 30 cm across; lobes asymmetric, elliptic, obovate-rhombate, spathulate or oblanceolate, acute to cuspidate-acuminate at apex, entire along margins, (6 -) 10 - 18 x 2.5 - 7 (- 10) cm, chartaceous; lateral nerves 7 -16 pairs; veins scalariform; petioles (5 -) 10 - 25 cm long; stipules laciniate towards upper part. Inflorescences terminal and pseudo-axillary, bisexual, laxly paniculate, 5 - 20 cm long. Male flowers: pedicels ca 7 mm long; calyx 15 - 18 mm long, divided for half way down; filaments white; anthers yellow. Female flowers: pedicels 10 - 12 mm long; calyx as in male; ovary smooth; stigma sub-penicillate. Fruits subglobose, 2.5 - 3 cm in diam., 3-lobed, warty, muricate, green with yellow sutures, on 1 - 1.5 cm long pedicels.
Fl. June - Sept.; Fr. Sept. - Jan.
Distrib. India: Introduced for cultivation and now naturalised, though its cultivation has been discontinued. Kerala, Tamil Nadu (Shevaroy Hills, up to 1200 m altitude) and Andaman Islands (up to 200 m altitude).
Native of tropical Brazil, introduced and naturalised in many tropical Asian countries in Malesia.
Uses. The latex can be turned into rubber, but inferior to Hevea brasiliensis in quality.
Trees, 5 - 10 (- 13) m tall, entirely glabrous; exudating thick white latex. Leaves peltate for 5 - 15 (- 20) mm from the margin, deeply digitately 3 - 5-lobed, 10 - 30 cm across; lobes asymmetric, elliptic, obovate-rhombate, spathulate or oblanceolate, acute to cuspidate-acuminate at apex, entire along margins, (6 -) 10 - 18 x 2.5 - 7 (- 10) cm, chartaceous; lateral nerves 7 -16 pairs; veins scalariform; petioles (5 -) 10 - 25 cm long; stipules laciniate towards upper part. Inflorescences terminal and pseudo-axillary, bisexual, laxly paniculate, 5 - 20 cm long. Male flowers: pedicels ca 7 mm long; calyx 15 - 18 mm long, divided for half way down; filaments white; anthers yellow. Female flowers: pedicels 10 - 12 mm long; calyx as in male; ovary smooth; stigma sub-penicillate. Fruits subglobose, 2.5 - 3 cm in diam., 3-lobed, warty, muricate, green with yellow sutures, on 1 - 1.5 cm long pedicels.
Fl. June - Sept.; Fr. Sept. - Jan.
Distrib. India: Introduced for cultivation and now naturalised, though its cultivation has been discontinued. Kerala, Tamil Nadu (Shevaroy Hills, up to 1200 m altitude) and Andaman Islands (up to 200 m altitude).
Native of tropical Brazil, introduced and naturalised in many tropical Asian countries in Malesia.
Uses. The latex can be turned into rubber, but inferior to Hevea brasiliensis in quality.
